ABSTRACT
Antibacterial drug use in food-producing animals may be associated with risks to public health. The present survey was carried out due to lack of data on the status of antibacterial drug usage in Tehran Province dairy farms. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the status of antibacterial drug usage in these farms and implementation of the points from public health view. A total of 120 dairy farms in four regions of Tehran province including East [Damavand], South-East [Varamin and Shar-e-Rey], South-West [Shariar and Islamshar] and West [Karaj and Savojbolagh], were surveyed by direct interview using a questionnaire. The mean consumption rate of oxytetracycline and penicillin + streptomycin, 100% and 93.25%, respectively, were the most frequently used antibacterial products in these dairy farms in terms of variety, and a wide range of other antibacterials also showed high percentages of usage. Regarding intramammary formulations, cloxacillin, Dry Cow [DC], with a mean of 82.5%, was shown to be the most frequently used intramammary products in terms of variety. In 47.4% of farms, the orders for antibacterial drugs were issued by non-veterinarians. Also, in a considerable percentage of dairy farms the milk collected from animals receiving antibacterial drugs for mastitis [27.5%] or other infectious diseases [24.2%] were being entered into the milk reservoirs to be used for humans. The principles of rational antimicrobial therapy as well as withdrawal/ milk discard times are not implemented in a great percentage of these dairy farms. This situation may be due to lack of knowledge among dairymen regarding drug use and public health, and inadequate supervision of the veterinary offices of Tehran province
Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Milk , Data Collection , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Surveys and Questionnaires , Animals, Domestic , Drug Utilization , Veterinary Drugs/standards , Public HealthABSTRACT
Apiculture is subject to attacks by plagues, which impair productivity of the apiary and, consequently, the revenue of the producer. To control these diseases veterinarian management techniques and the application of veterinary drugs such as oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin and sulfathiazole are employed. Nevertheless, residues of these antimicrobial agents can be present in honey, exposing the consumer to health risks in consequence of their ingestion. The aim of this work is to discuss the consequences of the use of veterinary drugs in the apiculture, considering the aspects related to consumers health, regulation and international trade of honey.
A apicultura esta sujeita ao ataque de pragas, que prejudicam a produtividade do apiário e, consequentemente, a lucratividade do produtor. Para combatê-las, são utilizadas técnicas de manejo e a aplicação de medicamentos veterinários como oxitetraciclina, cloranfenicol, estreptomicina e sulfatiazol. Entretanto, resíduos dessas substâncias podem estar presentes no mel, expondo os consumidores aos riscos consequentes da sua ingestão. Neste artigo são discutidas as consequências do uso de medicamentos veterinários na apicultura, considerando os aspectos relacionados à saúde do consumidor, à legislação vigente e o comércio internacional de mel.